Product Name

Zonisamide

CAS Number

68291-97-4

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Product Name:

Zonisamide

CAS Number:

68291-97-4

Indication:

For use as adjunctive treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy.

Mode of Action:

Zonisamide binds to sodium channels and voltage sensitive calcium channels, which suppresses neuronal depolarization and hypersynchronization. Zonisamide also inhibits carbonic anhydrase to a weaker extent, but such an effect is not thought to contribute substantially to the drug's anticonvulsant activity.

Pharmacodynamics:

Zonisamide is an antiseizure drug chemically classified as a sulfonamide and unrelated to other antiseizure agents. The precise mechanism by which zonisamide exerts its antiseizure effect is unknown, although it is believed that the drug blocks sodium and calcium channels, which leads to the suppression of neuronal hypersynchronization (i.e. convulsions). Sonisamide has also been found to potentiate dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission but does not appear to potentiate syanptic activity by GABA (gamma amino butyric acid).

Metabolism:

Primarily hepatic through cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 3A4 (CYP3A4). Undergoes acetylation and reduction, forming N-acetyl zonisamide, and the open-ring metabolite 2_sulfamoylacetyl phenol, respectively.

Toxicity:

Symptoms of overdose include diminished breathing, loss of consciousness, low blood pressure, and slow heartbeat.

IUPAC:

1, 2-benzoxazol-3-ylmethanesulfonamide

ATC:

N03AX15

PubChem:

5734

DrugBank:

DB00909 (APRD00004)

Formula:

C₈H₈N₂O₃S

Molecular Mass:

212.226

Synonyms:

Zonisamida [Spanish] Zonisamidum [Latin]

SMILES:

NS(=O)(=O)CC1=NOC2=CC=CC=C12

InChi:

UBQNRHZMVUUOMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

General Reference:

Murata M, Horiuchi E, Kanazawa I: Zonisamide has beneficial effects on Parkinsonês disease patients. Neurosci Res. 2001 Dec;41(4):397-9. Pubmed
Gadde KM, Franciscy DM, Wagner HR 2nd, Krishnan KR: Zonisamide for weight loss in obese adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003 Apr 9;289(14):1820-5. Pubmed
Hasegawa H: Utilization of zonisamide in patients with chronic pain or epilepsy refractory to other treatments: a retrospective, open label, uncontrolled study in a VA hospital. Curr Med Res Opin. 2004 May;20(5):577-80. Pubmed
Leppik IE: Zonisamide: chemistry, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics. Seizure. 2004 Dec;13 Suppl 1:S5-9; discussion S10. Pubmed
Ueda Y, Doi T, Tokumaru J, Willmore LJ: Effect of zonisamide on molecular regulation of glutamate and GABA transporter proteins during epileptogenesis in rats with hippocampal seizures. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2003 Aug 19;116(1-2):1-6. Pubmed
Farooq MU, Moore PW, Bhatt A, Aburashed R, Kassab MY: Therapeutic role of zonisamide in neuropsychiatric disorders. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2008 Sep;8(10):968-75. Pubmed
Schulze-Bonhage A: Zonisamide in the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010 Jan;11(1):115-26. Pubmed
Kothare SV, Kaleyias J: Zonisamide: review of pharmacology, clinical efficacy, tolerability, and safety. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008 Apr;4(4):493-506. Pubmed
Peters DH, Sorkin EM: Zonisamide. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in epilepsy. Drugs. 1993 May;45(5):760-87. Pubmed
Sobieszek G, Borowicz KK, Kimber-Trojnar Z, Malek R, Piskorska B, Czuczwar SJ: Zonisamide: a new antiepileptic drug. Pol J Pharmacol. 2003 Sep-Oct;55(5):683-9. Pubmed

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Zonisamide

68291-97-4

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