Product Name

Venlafaxine

CAS Number

93413-69-5

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Product Name:
Venlafaxine
CAS Number:
93413-69-5
Indication:
For the management of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, and vasomotor symptoms in women with breast cancer and in postmenopausal women.
Mode of Action:

The exact mechanism of action of venlafaxine is unknown, but appears to be associated with the its potentiation of neurotrasmitter activity in the CNS. Venlafaxine and its active metabolite, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV), inhibit the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine with a potency greater for the 5-HT than for the NE reuptake process. Both venlafaxine and the ODV metabolite have weak inhibitory effects on the reuptake of dopamine but, unlike the tricyclics and similar to SSRIs, they are not active at histaminergic, muscarinic, or alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors.

Pharmacodynamics:

Venlafaxine, an antidepressant agent structurally and pharmacologically unrelated to other antidepressants and agents used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, is used to treat melancholia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and hot flashes in breast cancer survivors.

Metabolism:

Undergoes extensive first pass metabolism in the liver to its major, active metabolite, ODV, and two minor, less active metabolites, N-desmethylvenlafaxine and N, O-didesmethylvenlafaxine. Formation of ODV is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6, whereas N-demethylation is catalyzed by CYP3A4, 2C19 and 2C9. ODV possesses antidepressant activity that is comparable to that of venlfaxine.

Toxicity:

Most patients overdosing with venlafaxine develop only mild symptoms. However, severe toxicity is reported with the most common symptoms being CNS depression, serotonin toxicity, seizure, or cardiac conduction abnormalities. Venlafaxine's toxicity appears to be higher than other SSRIs, with a fatal toxic dose closer to that of the tricyclic antidepressants than the SSRIs. Doses of 900 mg or more are likely to cause moderate toxicity. Deaths have been reported following large doses.

IUPAC:
1-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexan-1-ol
ATC:
N06AX16 N06AX23
PubChem:
5656
DrugBank:
DB00285 (APRD00125)
Formula:
C27H38N2O4
Molecular Mass:
277.4018
Synonyms:
Venlafaxina [INN-Spanish] Venlafaxine [INN:Ban] Venlafaxinum [INN-Latin]
SMILES:
COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(CN(C)C)C1(O)CCCCC1
AHFS Code:
28:16.04.92
InChi:
PNVNVHUZROJLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
General Reference:
General Reference:

  1. Golden RN, Nicholas L: Antidepressant efficacy of venlafaxine. Depress Anxiety. 2000;12 Suppl 1:45-9. Pubmed
  2. Thase ME, Clayton AH, Haight BR, Thompson AH, Modell JG, Johnston JA: A double-blind comparison between bupropion XL and venlafaxine XR: sexual functioning, antidepressant efficacy, and tolerability. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Oct;26(5):482-8. Pubmed
  3. Bielski RJ, Ventura D, Chang CC: A double-blind comparison of escitalopram and venlafaxine extended release in the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;65(9):1190-6. Pubmed
  4. Rowbotham MC, Goli V, Kunz NR, Lei D: Venlafaxine extended release in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pain. 2004 Aug;110(3):697-706. Pubmed
  5. Ozyalcin SN, Talu GK, Kiziltan E, Yucel B, Ertas M, Disci R: The efficacy and safety of venlafaxine in the prophylaxis of migraine. Headache. 2005 Feb;45(2):144-52. Pubmed

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