Product Name

Nafamostat

CAS Number

81525-10-2

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Product Name:
Nafamostat
CAS Number:
81525-10-2
Indication:
Used as an anticoagulant in patients with disseminative blood vessel coagulation, hemorrhagic lesions, and hemorrhagic tendencies. It prevents blood clot formation during extracorporeal circulation in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy and extra corporeal membrane oxygenation.
Mode of Action:

Nafamostat mesilate inhibits various enzyme systems, such as coagulation and fibrinolytic systems (thrombin, Xa, and XIIa), the kallikrein–kinin system, the complement system, pancreatic proteases and activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs) 6. Nafamostat inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production, apoptosis, and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels in cultured human trophoblasts. It is shown to act as an antioxidant in TNF-α-induced ROS production.

Pharmacodynamics:

Nafamostat is a fast-acting proteolytic inhibitor used during hemodialysis to prevent the proteolysis of fibrinogen into fibrin by competitively inhibiting several serine proteases including thrombin. It improves acute pancreatitis and prevents blood clot formation during extracorporeal circulation and has an anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. A study suggets that nafamostat has a neuroprotective role during ischemia-induced brain injury from antithrombin activity.

Metabolism:

Nafamostat is mainly hydrolyzed by hepatic carboxyesterase and long-chain acyl-CoA hydrolase in human liver cytosol. Main metabolites are p-guanidinobenzoic acid (PGBA) and 6-amidino-2-naphthol (AN) as inactive protease inhibitors.

Toxicity:

Reported incidences of agranulocytosis, hyperkalemia, and anaphylaxis. The use of nafamostat has been reported to cause cardiac arrest in patients receiving dialysis due to a sudden change in the patient’s condition such as dyspnea. A study suggests that the drug and its metabolites may inhibit the amiloride-sensitive sodium (Na) conductance at the collecting ducts, resulting in an inhibition of K secretion and hyperkalemia 7. Reported LD50 value from intravenous administration in rats is 16.4mg/kg.

IUPAC:
6-[amino(imino)methyl]-2-naphthyl 4-{[amino(imino)methyl]amino}benzoate
PubChem:
4413
DrugBank:
DB12598
Formula:
C19-H17-N5-O2
Molecular Mass:
347.37
SMILES:
NC(=N)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)OC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=C(C=C2)C(N)=N
InChi:
InChI=1S/C19H17N5O2/c20-17(21)14-2-1-13-10-16(8-5-12(13)9-14)26-18(25)11-3-6-15(7-4-11)24-19(22)23/h1-10H,(H3,20,21)(H4,22,23,24)

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