Product Name

Ifosfamide

Name: Ifosfamide - LGM Pharma
SKU: 3778-73-2

CAS Number

3778-73-2

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Product Name:

Ifosfamide

CAS Number:

3778-73-2

Indication:

Used as a component of various chemotherapeutic regimens as third-line therapy for recurrent or refractory germ cell testicular cancer. Also used as a component of various chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of cervical cancer, as well as in conjunction with surgery and/or radiation therapy in the treatment of various soft tissue sarcomas. Other indications include treatment of osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer. small cell lung cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Mode of Action:

The exact mechanism of ifosfamide has not been determined, but appears to be similar to other alkylating agents. Ifosfamide requires biotransformation in the liver by mixed-function oxidases (cytochrome P450 system) before it becomes active. After metabolic activation, active metabolites of ifosfamide alkylate or bind with many intracellular molecular structures, including nucleic acids. The cytotoxic action is primarily through the alkylation of DNA, done by attaching the N-7 position of guanine to its reactive electrophilic groups. The formation of inter and intra strand cross-links in the DNA results in cell death.

Pharmacodynamics:

Ifosfamide requires activation by microsomal liver enzymes to active metabolites in order to exert its cytotoxic effects. Activation occurs by hydroxylation at the ring carbon atom 4 to form the unstable intermediate 4-hydroxyifosfamide. This metabolite than rapidly degrades to the stable urinary metabolite 4-ketoifosfamide. The stable urinary metabolite, 4-carboxyifosfamide, is formed upon opening of the ring. These urinary metabolites have not been found to be cytotoxic. N, N-bis (2-chloroethyl)-phosphoric acid diamide (ifosphoramide) and acrolein are also found. The major urinary metabolites, dechloroethyl ifosfamide and dechloroethyl cyclophosphamide, are formed upon enzymatic oxidation of the chloroethyl side chains and subsequent dealkylation. It is the alkylated metabolites of ifosfamide that have been shown to interact with DNA. Ifosfamide is cycle-phase nonspecific.

Metabolism:

Primarily hepatic

Toxicity:

LD₅₀ (mouse) = 390-1005 mg/kg, LD₅₀ (rat) = 150-190 mg/kg. Side effects include nausea, vomiting and myelosuppression. Toxic effects include central nervous system toxicity (confusion, hallucinations) and urotoxic effects (cystitis, blood in urine).

IUPAC:

3-(2-chloroethyl)-2-[(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1, 3, 2$l, {5}-oxazaphosphinan-2-one

ATC:

L01AA06

PubChem:

3690

DrugBank:

DB01181 (APRD00007)

Formula:

C₁₆H₁₆ClN₃O₃S

Molecular Mass:

261.086

Synonyms:

Asta Z 4942 I-Phosphamide Ifosfamid Ifosfamide Sterile Ifosphamide Ifsofamide Iphosphamid Iphosphamide Isofosfamide Isophosphamide

SMILES:

ClCCNP1(=O)OCCCN1CCCl

AHFS Code:

10:00.0

InChi:

HOMGKSMUEGBAAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

General Reference:

Furlanut M, Franceschi L: Pharmacology of ifosfamide. Oncology. 2003;65 Suppl 2:2-6. Pubmed
Fleming RA: An overview of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide pharmacology. Pharmacotherapy. 1997 Sep-Oct;17(5 Pt 2):146S-154S. Pubmed
Wagner T: Ifosfamide clinical pharmacokinetics. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1994 Jun;26(6):439-56. Pubmed
Allen LM, Creaven PJ, Nelson RL: Studies on the human pharmacokinetics of isophosphamide (NSC-109724). Cancer Treat Rep. 1976 Apr;60(4):451-8. Pubmed
Brade WP, Herdrich K, Varini M: Ifosfamideãpharmacology, safety and therapeutic potential. Cancer Treat Rev. 1985 Mar;12(1):1-47. Pubmed
Zalupski M, Baker LH: Ifosfamide. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988 Jun 15;80(8):556-66. Pubmed
Willits I, Price L, Parry A, Tilby MJ, Ford D, Cholerton S, Pearson AD, Boddy AV: Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ifosfamide in relation to DNA damage assessed by the COMET assay in children with cancer. Br J Cancer. 2005 May 9;92(9):1626-35. Pubmed
Lokiec F: Ifosfamide: pharmacokinetic properties for central nervous system metastasis prevention. Ann Oncol. 2006 May;17 Suppl 4:iv33-6. Pubmed
Schoenike SE, Dana WJ: Ifosfamide and mesna. Clin Pharm. 1990 Mar;9(3):179-91. Pubmed
Dechant KL, Brogden RN, Pilkington T, Faulds D: Ifosfamide/mesna. A review of its antineoplastic activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in cancer. Drugs. 1991 Sep;42(3):428-67. Pubmed

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Ifosfamide

3778-73-2

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