Product Name

Gefitinib

CAS Number

184475-35-2

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Product Name:
Gefitinib
CAS Number:
184475-35-2
Indication:
For the continued treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after failure of either platinum-based or docetaxel chemotherapies.
Mode of Action:

Gefitinib inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase by binding to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding site of the enzyme. Thus the function of the EGFR tyrosine kinase in activating the Ras signal transduction cascade is inhibited; and malignant cells are inhibited. Gefitinib is the first selective inhibitor of the EGFR tyrosine kinase which is also referred to as Her1 or ErbB-1. EGFR is overexpressed in the cells of certain types of human carcinomas – for example in lung and breast cancers. Overexpression leads to inappropriate activation of the apoptotic Ras signal transduction cascade, eventually leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Pharmacodynamics:

Gefitinib inhibits the intracellular phosphorylation of numerous tyrosine kinases associated with transmembrane cell surface receptors, including the tyrosine kinases associated with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-TK). EGFR is expressed on the cell surface of many normal cells and cancer cells.

Metabolism:

Primarily hepatic via CYP3A4. Three sites of biotransformation have been identified: metabolism of the N-propoxymorpholino-group, demethylation of the methoxy-substituent on the quinazoline, and oxidative defluorination of the halogenated phenyl group.

Toxicity:

The acute toxicity of gefitinib up to 500 mg in clinical studies has been low. In non-clinical studies, a single dose of 12, 000 mg/m2 (about 80 times the recommended clinical dose on a mg/m2 basis) was lethal to rats. Half this dose caused no mortality in mice. Symptoms of overdose include diarrhea and skin rash.

IUPAC:
N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy]quinazolin-4-amine
ATC:
L01XE02
PubChem:
123631
DrugBank:
DB00317 (APRD00997, DB07998)
Formula:
C21H28O5
Molecular Mass:
446.902
SMILES:
COC1=C(OCCCN2CCOCC2)C=C2C(NC3=CC(Cl)=C(F)C=C3)=NC=NC2=C1
AHFS Code:
10:00.0
InChi:
XGALLCVXEZPNRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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