Product Name

Gabapentin

CAS Number

60142-96-3

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Product Name:
Gabapentin
CAS Number:
60142-96-3
Indication:
For the management of postherpetic neuralgia in adults and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in patients over 12 years of age with epilepsy.
Mode of Action:

Gabapentin interacts with cortical neurons at auxillary subunits of voltage-sensitive calcium channels. Gabapentin increases the synaptic concentration of GABA, enhances GABA responses at non-synaptic sites in neuronal tissues, and reduces the release of mono-amine neurotransmitters. One of the mechanisms implicated in this effect of gabapentin is the reduction of the axon excitability measured as an amplitude change of the presynaptic fibre volley (FV) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. This is mediated through its binding to presynaptic NMDA receptors. Other studies have shown that the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects of gabapentin are mediated by the descending noradrenergic system, resulting in the activation of spinal alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Gabapentin has also been shown to bind and activate the adenosine A1 receptor.

Pharmacodynamics:

Gabapentin, an analog of GABA, is used as an anticonvulsant to treat partial seizures, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and painful neuropathies. Potential uses include monotherapy of refractory partial seizure disorders, and treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis, tremor. mood disorders, and attenuation of disruptive behaviors in dementia. Gabapentin has high lipid solubility, is not metabolized by the liver, has no protein binding, and doesn’t possess the usual drug interactions.

Metabolism:

All pharmacological actions following gabapentin administration are due to the activity of the parent compound; gabapentin is not appreciably metabolized in humans.

Toxicity:

Symptoms of overdose include ataxia, labored breathing, ptosis, sedation, hypoactivity, and excitation.

IUPAC:
2-[1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid
ATC:
N03AX12
PubChem:
3446
DrugBank:
DB00996 (APRD00015)
Formula:
C18H20FN5O4
Molecular Mass:
171.2368
Synonyms:
Gabapentin GR Gabapentine [INN-French] Gabapentino [INN-Spanish] Gabapentino [Spanish] Gabapentinum [INN-Latin] Gabapetin
SMILES:
NCC1(CC(O)=O)CCCCC1
AHFS Code:
28:12.9
InChi:
UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
General Reference:
General Reference:

 

  1. Mathew NT, Rapoport A, Saper J, Magnus L, Klapper J, Ramadan N, Stacey B, Tepper S: Efficacy of gabapentin in migraine prophylaxis. Headache. 2001 Feb;41(2):119-28. Pubmed
  2. Backonja MM, Serra J: Pharmacologic management part 1: better-studied neuropathic pain diseases. Pain Med. 2004 Mar;5 Suppl 1:S28-47. Pubmed
  3. Choudhuri I, Sarvananthan N, Gottlob I: Survey of management of acquired nystagmus in the United Kingdom. Eye. 2007 Sep;21(9):1194-7. Epub 2006 May 26. Pubmed
  4. Pande AC, Crockatt JG, Janney CA, Werth JL, Tsaroucha G: Gabapentin in bipolar disorder: a placebo-controlled trial of adjunctive therapy. Gabapentin Bipolar Disorder Study Group. Bipolar Disord. 2000 Sep;2(3 Pt 2):249-55. Pubmed

 

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