Product Name

Ciclesonide

CAS Number

141845-82-1

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Product Name:
Ciclesonide
CAS Number:
141845-82-1
Indication:
For the treatment of nasal symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older.
Mode of Action:

Glucocorticoids such as ciclesonide can inhibit leukocyte infiltration at the site of inflammation, interfere with mediators of inflammatory response, and suppress humoral immune responses. The antiinflammatory actions of glucocorticoids are thought to involve phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, lipocortins, which control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Ciclesonide reduces inflammatory reaction by limiting the capillary dilatation and permeability of the vascular structures. These compounds restrict the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages and reduce the release of vasoactive kinins. Recent research suggests that corticosteroids may inhibit the release of arachidonic acid from phospholipids, thereby reducing the formation of prostaglandins. Ciclesonide is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. On binding, the corticoreceptor-ligand complex translocates itself into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in the promoter region of the target genes. The DNA bound receptor then interacts with basic transcription factors, causing an increase or decrease in expression of specific target genes, including suppression of IL2 (interleukin 2) expression.

Pharmacodynamics:

Ciclesonide is a pro-drug that is enzymatically hydrolyzed to a pharmacologically active metabolite, C21-desisobutyryl-ciclesonide (des-ciclesonide or RM1) following intranasal application. Des-ciclesonide has anti-inflammatory activity with affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor that is 120 times higher than the parent compound. The precise mechanism through which ciclesonide affects allergic rhinitis symptoms is not known. Corticosteroids have been shown to have a wide range of effects on multiple cell types (e.g., mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes) and mediators (e.g., histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and cytokines) involved in allergic inflammation.

Metabolism:

Des-ciclesonide undergoes metabolism in the liver to additional metabolites mainly by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 isozyme and to a lesser extent by CYP 2D6.

IUPAC:
2-[(1S, 2S, 4R, 8S, 9S, 11S, 12S, 13R)-6-cyclohexyl-11-hydroxy-9, 13-dimethyl-16-oxo-5, 7-dioxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0, {2, 9}.0, {4, 8}.0, {13, 18}]icosa-14, 17-dien-8-yl]-2-oxoethyl 2-methylpropanoate
ATC:
R03BA08
PubChem:
444033
DrugBank:
DB01410
Formula:
C38H69NO13
Molecular Mass:
540.6876
SMILES:
CC(C)C(=O)OCC(=O)[C@@]12OC(O[C@@H]1C[C@H]1[C@@H]3CCC4=CC(=O)C=C[C@]4(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@]21C)C1CCCCC1
AHFS Code:
08:04.0
InChi:
LUKZNWIVRBCLON-FOMURGDPSA-N
General Reference:
General Reference:

 

  1. Mutch E, Nave R, McCracken N, Zech K, Williams FM: The role of esterases in the metabolism of ciclesonide to desisobutyryl-ciclesonide in human tissue. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 May 15;73(10):1657-64. Epub 2007 Jan 28. Pubmed

 

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