Product Name

Alprazolam

Name: Alprazolam - LGM Pharma
SKU: 28981-97-7

CAS Number

28981-97-7

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Product Name:

Alprazolam

CAS Number:

28981-97-7

Indication:

For the management of anxiety disorder or the short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety and for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia.

Mode of Action:

Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and BNZ2, which affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increasing GABA affinity for the GABA receptor. Binding of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA to the site opens the chloride channel, resulting in a hyperpolarized cell membrane that prevents further excitation of the cell.

Pharmacodynamics:

Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, is used to treat panic disorder and anxiety disorder. Unlike chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, and prazepam, alprazolam has a shorter half-life and metabolites with minimal activity. Like other triazolo benzodiazepines such as triazolam, alprazolam may have significant drug interactions involving the hepatic cytochrome P-450 3A4 isoenzyme. Clinically, all benzodiazepines cause a dose-related central nervous system depressant activity varying from mild impairment of task performance to hypnosis. Unlike other benzodiazepines, alprazolam may also have some antidepressant activity, although clinical evidence of this is lacking.

Metabolism:

Hepatic. Hydroxylated in the liver to _-hydroxyalprazolam, which is also active. This and other metabolites are later excreted in urine as glucuronides.

Toxicity:

Oral, mouse: LD₅₀=1020 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include confusion, coma, impaired coordination, sleepiness, and slowed reaction time.

IUPAC:

12-chloro-3-methyl-9-phenyl-2, 4, 5, 8-tetraazatricyclo[8.4.0.0, {2, 6}]tetradeca-1(10), 3, 5, 8, 11, 13-hexaene

ATC:

N05BA12

DrugBank:

DB00404 (APRD00280)

Formula:

C₂₅₆₉H₃₉₂₈N₇₄₆O₇₈₁S₄₀

Molecular Mass:

308.765

Synonyms:

TUS-1

SMILES:

CC1=NN=C2CN=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C3=C(C=CC(Cl)=C3)N12

AHFS Code:

28:24.1

InChi:

VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

General Reference:

Risse SC, Whitters A, Burke J, Chen S, Scurfield RM, Raskind MA: Severe withdrawal symptoms after discontinuation of alprazolam in eight patients with combat-induced posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1990 May;51(5):206-9. Pubmed
Wolf B, Griffiths RR: Physical dependence on benzodiazepines: differences within the class. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1991 Dec 31;29(2):153-6. Pubmed
Haque W, Watson DJ, Bryant SG: Death following suspected alprazolam withdrawal seizures: a case report. Tex Med. 1990 Jan;86(1):44-7. Pubmed
Hori A: Pharmacotherapy for personality disorders. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998 Feb;52(1):13-9. Pubmed
Garcia-Algar O, Lopez-Vilchez MA, Martin I, Mur A, Pellegrini M, Pacifici R, Rossi S, Pichini S: Confirmation of gestational exposure to alprazolam by analysis of biological matrices in a newborn with neonatal sepsis. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007;45(3):295-8. Pubmed

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Alprazolam

28981-97-7

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